Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD) Population 2026

The Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD) region, a World Bank aggregate of low- and middle-income countries, had an estimated population of 1,291,044,964 in 2025. This represents a 2.47% increase from the previous year, reflecting the region's rapid demographic expansion.

Population
1,291,044,964
Estimate for 2026
1-year growth
+2.47%
10-year avg growth
+2.61%

Population Trend

Overview

Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD) continues to experience robust population growth, driven by high fertility rates and improving life expectancy. The 1-year growth rate of 2.47% in 2025, while slightly below the 10-year average of 2.61%, underscores a sustained demographic momentum that significantly outpaces global averages. This growth contributes to the region's increasing share of the world population, with profound implications for economic development, resource allocation, and infrastructure planning.

The region's population dynamics are shaped by a youthful age structure, with a median age well below 20 years in many countries. This demographic dividend presents both opportunities and challenges, such as a growing labor force and increased demand for education and healthcare. Urbanization is also accelerating, as millions migrate to cities in search of economic opportunities, further straining urban infrastructure.

Despite the overall growth, there is considerable variation across countries. High-fertility nations like Niger and the Democratic Republic of Congo post growth rates exceeding 3%, while southern African countries like South Africa have lower rates due to higher prevalence of HIV/AIDS and lower fertility. The IDA & IBRD classification includes both fragile states and emerging economies, influencing the aggregate's growth trajectory.

The 10-year average growth of 2.61% indicates that the population has been expanding steadily since the mid-2010s. This trend, if sustained, would double the population in about 27 years, posing long-term challenges for food security, employment, and climate resilience. However, it also represents a vast potential market and a source of innovation and cultural dynamism.

FAQ

What is the population of Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD) in 2025?
The estimated population of the region in 2025 is 1,291,044,964.
What is the population growth rate of Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD)?
The 1-year growth rate is 2.47% in 2025, with a 10-year average of 2.61%.
Which countries are included in Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD)?
This World Bank aggregate includes Sub-Saharan African countries that are eligible for IDA (International Development Association) and IBRD (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development) loans, covering most nations in the region except high-income countries.
Why is the population of Sub-Saharan Africa growing so fast?
High fertility rates, declining infant mortality, and improved life expectancy contribute to rapid growth. The region has a young population, with many women of reproductive age, sustaining high birth rates.
How does Sub-Saharan Africa's population compare to other regions?
Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD) is one of the fastest-growing regions in the world, with a growth rate triple the global average of about 0.9%. Its population is second only to Asia in absolute numbers among developing regions.

Data sources & terms