Timor-Leste Population 2026
As of 2025, Timor-Leste has an estimated population of 1,400,638. This places the country as the 154th most populous nation in the world. The population is growing at an annual rate of 1.18%, reflecting a notable slowdown from the 1.71% average growth seen over the past decade.
Population Trend (Timor-Leste)
Population by Decade
Population milestones
How Timor-Leste's population changed across key years (World Bank estimates).
Overview
Timor-Leste, a lower-middle-income country in the East Asia & Pacific region, has experienced gradual population expansion over the last ten years. The 10-year average annual growth rate of 1.71% indicates sustained demographic momentum, though the most recent 1-year growth rate of 1.18% suggests a moderating trend. This shift may be influenced by changes in fertility rates, migration patterns, or other socioeconomic factors.
The country’s population of roughly 1.4 million is relatively small in a regional context, with many East Asia & Pacific nations having far larger populations. Despite its low global rank at #154, Timor-Leste’s growth rate is above the regional average for many developed East Asian economies, which often face stagnation or decline. The youthful age structure typical of lower-middle-income countries likely contributes to ongoing growth.
Geographically, Timor-Leste occupies the eastern half of the island of Timor, with a population that is predominantly rural and dependent on agriculture. Urbanization is progressing slowly, with the capital Dili serving as the main population center. The country’s demographic profile is shaped by its post-independence history, including relatively high fertility rates compared to other nations in the region.
Looking ahead, if the recent 1.18% growth rate persists, Timor-Leste’s population will continue to increase but at a slower pace than in the previous decade. The country faces challenges related to infrastructure, education, and economic diversification, all of which influence population trends. Monitoring these rates will be key for understanding future demographic shifts.
Key Facts
- The latest population of Timor-Leste in 2025 is 1,400,638.
- The country’s global population rank is 154th.
- The 1-year growth rate as of 2025 is 1.18%.
- The 10-year average annual growth rate is 1.71%.
- Timor-Leste is classified as a lower-middle-income economy.
- The country is part of the East Asia & Pacific region.